Driver's Drowsiness Estimation with EEG Analysis Using Lab View

Author

S.Sundar, G.Suresh Kumar, S.Saravana Kumar

Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam

Abstract

Increasing number of traffic accidents has been a great threat to the public security. Majority of the reports indicates that it is due to the driver’s drowsiness results in inability to make the better perception and also decline in vehicle control abilities. A perfect system has been designed which is capable of predicting the level of alertness and ensures driver’s maximum performance. The real time EEG signal obtained from the brain which is acquired through Lab VIEW is fed to the ICAFNN, a fuzzy neural network model which is capable of self-adapting and structure self constructing to acquire a small number of fuzzy rules for interpreting the embedded knowledge of the system from the training data set. Object classification is also made through the images acquired from the driver’s face which provides additional information and makes the classification more accurate. All the process is designed using LabVIEW which supports parallel processing and enhances real time application. The combined results obtained from the ICAFNN and object classification is more precise than the existing methods.

Helicopter Controlled By Cellphone Having Large Functional Area to Enhance the Defence Activity

Authors

Harimohan Rai, Rashes Ranjan

V M K V engineering college

Vinayaka Mission University

Abstract

Since the remote operated devices have a limited range, so there is a need for a device which can be controlled over large distance such as “cellphone”. The helicopter is operated by the help of cellphone that makes a call to the cellphone attached to the helicopter. The cellphone in the helicopter is kept in “Auto Answer” mode. so after ring, the cellphone accepts the call, a tone corresponding to the button pressed to be heard at the other end of the call. This tone is called “Dual Tone Multiple Frequency (DTMF) tone. The helicopter perceives this DTMF toe with the help of phone attached in the helicopter. The received tone processed by microcontroller and further, the DTMF tone is decoded into its equivalent binary digit and this binary number is sent to the microcontroller. This microcontroller is programmed to take a decision for any given input and puts its decision to the helicopter such as to move helicopter in different directions (forward, backward, up, down).the cellphone that make a call to the cellphone stacked to the helicopter acts as a remote.spy camera which is attached in the helicopter is used to provide information which makes operation easier. This project will help to enhance the defence activity.

Intelligent Automobile Control System using LabVIEW

Author

Abhirami S

Abstract

With an increase in the number of road accidents and the demand for improved transportation, the need for an automobile control system has become very essential. Our LabVIEW simulation of such a system, capable of wirelessly communicating with other vehicles in its proximity, is aimed at collision avoidance and in general, increasing ease and efficiency of transportation.

The acceleration and braking systems of the automobile are monitored and controlled, taking into account the received speed limit, safety warnings and traffic information for the particular area in addition to speed, position and direction details obtained from other vehicles in its vicinity that can similarly communicate with each other. When two or more vehicles create a possibility of collision, this system alerts the drivers of the vehicles under threat and also controls the speed and braking action of those vehicles, thereby avoiding collisions. Moreover, the fuel economy and exhaust emission control can also be modelled and addressed, for enhancing the overall performance of the automobile.

LabVIEW provides the perfect platform for the design and simulation of such a control system with interfacing capabilities for various sensors and means of wireless communication. A real-time implementation of such a system will improve comfort and safety levels by a large scale.

LabVIEW Based Wheel Alignment Test for Four Wheelers

Authors

T. J. JAYASUDHAN, R. NIKITH,V. VEERAPADMANABAN

PSG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY,COIMBATORE.

ABSTRACT:

Proper maintenance and upkeep of automobiles is essential for ensuring a reliable drive and smooth functioning of these modern wonders. Wheel alignment is one of these imperative tests that are carried out regularly. Improper alignment of wheels can result in rapid wear & tear of the tyres, abnormal pulling towards a particular side, problems on straight line tracking and host of other problems. Eventually it can lead to catastrophic failures if left unattended.

It is at this juncture, we in this paper, intend to propose a LabView based solution for wheel alignment problems using our own indigenously built setup. Wheel alignment generally involves determination of camber, caster and toe. This setup uses Optical sensors, Programmable Automation Controllers (PAC), Stepper motors, Angular Displacement sensors, Data Acquisition Cards (DAQ) and LabView among others to estimate these parameters. We hope this setup would serve in bringing down the time required for the process in addition to making it less complicated and relatively easy to use.

Magic Vehicle Above Ground

Author

Manish Mishra

Abstract

In year 2007 , in bridge collapse in America many people were killed. If one can invent such a vehicle that will run at a certain height above ground without touching the surface of earth, then the accidents like bridge collapse will not happen. such a vehicle is implemented by me. The concept of such a vehicle is started from a simple example of a ball. Suppose a ball is thrown at a certain angle above ground, then at the peak , at a certain height at which it’s vertical velocity becomes ‘0’, if we apply equal and opposite vertical acceleration, then it will be at that certain height only, but it will move horizontally. My technical analysis starts from the concept of gravity meter.This is a type of sensor that will sense the gravitational acceleration as a signal, then they will convert the gravitational acceleration into equivalent electrical signal. it is quite possible if the vehicle is made up of piezoelectric material. A velocity meter will be interfaced with that gravity meter , so that when vehicle speeds up at inclined plane, then at a certain height when it’s vertical velocity becomes ‘0’, then an inverter will invert the equivalent gravity signal processed signal and both the signals can be added to the summer circuit to get equivalent vertical force via electrical force ‘0’and hence the vehicle would run at a certain height above ground. According to the trajectory of the road we can modify the height of the vehicle. This invention will be better than that of maglev train and will be very helpful to mankind.

Single Manned Air-Vehicle – FLY BYK

Author

Amrita kumar

Abstract

“The path of flight is laid, bike innovated”

With the world moving towards owning private aircrafts, we need more compact and swift vehicles. This gives a break in which we wish provide innovations. A commercial vehicle exposed for domestic use. This is what the paper is about to propose.

Single manned air vehicle was once a dream of mankind. Later years saw it as helicopters. We innovate it further to obtain this paper. This project reveals an air vehicle, which is an ultralight bike that is made to manoeuvre in air and sail on water. It has been recognised thats implifications in design, and the weight and cost savings realized thereby, and commensurate potential advantages in performances for the same cost, argue for this simplified automobile design. Accordingly this provides the description of ultra light automobile with the co-axial rotor configuration and further comprising inflatable pontoons, tail rotors, and pressurized tyres.

In a more detailed aspect, the bike has only six components which are the building blocks in respects to assemblage and stability. The handle bar, throttle, accelerator, starter, control switch, peddles, and other buttons are all set for mastering the manoeuvres and the same are used for movements of a two-wheeler. The yaw controls are achieved by a rudder, tilt able type configured to be disposed in a downwash from the rotor set. The pontoons used for marine purpose is well accommodated in the vehicle. The inflation is made possible only during floating on water.

A more detailed account of the abstract is provided in this paper. It also concerns over specifications, descriptive structures, transportation, performance, sources of power, weight analysis and concludes with its merits and demerits.

Virtual Instrument for Measuring Brake Power of I.C. Engine

Authors

Nilaj N. Deshmukh, N. Venugopal

Fr. C. Rodrigues Institute of Technology

V.J.T.I., Matunga,Mumbai.

Abstract

This paper offers an interface method developed with Lab VIEW, the instrument control software by National Instruments. The method is specifically designed for individuals with visual impairments, and uses alternative navigation techniques. The developed user interface uses simple Lab VIEW, which is a graphical programming language that uses icons instead of lines of text to create applications. In this paper we will discuss the virtual instrument for measuring brake power of I.C. Engine using Lab VIEW software. Lab VIEW allows the creation of virtual instruments on a PC. This is an attempt to develop a virtual instrument for measurements of Load and Speed and Calculation of Brake Power of I.C. Engine using Software Lab View 7.1, Hardware NI DAQ Card 6036 E with Signal Conditioning SC-2345 and Sensors like Magnetic Pickup and Load Cell . The developed Lab VIEW virtual instrument allows users to experiment (or play) with different signals and instrument characteristics, and interactively sees the relevant outcomes. The characteristics of the instrument can be easily seen and studied at a number of different levels.

Keywords: Virtual Instrument, Lab VIEW, Sensors, I C Engine, Brake Power

Automated Guided Vehicle Using Lego Mindstorms

NEW HORIZON COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

AUTHORS

JOVI JOSE, ARJUN.A, RIJU JANARDHAN, BHAGYA LAXMI S.V.

THE CHALLENGE:

To develop an automated guided vehicle, using Lego mindstorms robotic invention system 2.0 and programming it using robolab. Also to determine the distance the vehicle can travel and also the amount of weight or load it can carry.

THE SOLUTION:

Constructing a vehicle sturdy enough to go through the designed path and including time delays and loops in the program to make sure it performs as designed to.

INTRODUCTION:

The modern day industry functions with a wide range of robots which are programmed and assigned for different tasks. One of it is the Automated Guided Vehicle [AGV]. Using Lego mindstorms robotic invention system a automated guided vehicle is built. A visual programming language called ROBOLAB has been designed to create the feedback and control logic for creations that use the RCX, the programmable Lego brick. ROBOLAB was programmed within the Lab View environment, a visual programming application by National Instruments. SYSTEM HARDWARE: The RCX, the programmable brick of the robotic invention system consists of a Hitachi H8/3292 microcontroller with three input ports for light, touch, temperature and IR sensors and three output ports for the motors.

ABSTRACT:

The AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLE is built using 4 motors, 3 touch sensors, and 2 light sensors. It follows a predetermined path using line sensing to one end of the path, where it lifts an object, turns 180 degrees and follows the path to the other end of the path. Once there it drops the object at this end using a combination of three touch sensors, then it follows the track back to starting point.

CONCLUSION:

The visual nature of ROBOLAB facilitates the programming process, and the Lego elements that snap together facilitates the construction process for students of all ages. These two systems combined with a handsome task of creating a robotic animal or designing a scientific apparatus create a learning environment where students are highly motivated and engaged.

ABS Implementation using Steering Wheel Angle through CAN in LabVIEW

Shivangi Choudhary & Ashwati Krishnan

VIT University, Vellore

Abstract

An Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) is a safety system on motor vehicles which prevent the wheels from locking while braking. A typical ABS is composed of a central electronic control unit (ECU), four wheel speed sensors (one for each wheel), and two or more hydraulic valves within the vehicle brake circuit. The ECU constantly monitors the rotational speed of each wheel. Modern Electronic Stability Control (ESC or ESP) systems are an evolution of the ABS concept. Here, a minimum of two additional sensors are added to help the system work: these are a steering wheel angle sensor, and a gyroscopic sensor. The theory of operation is, when the gyroscopic sensor detects that the direction taken by the car does not coincide with what the steering wheel sensor reports, the ESC software will brake the necessary individual wheel(s) (up to three with the most sophisticated systems), so that the vehicle goes the way the driver intends.

The object of this project is to simulate the ABS with real-time data obtained from a steering angle sensor (while providing standard data from other sensors) using LabVIEW. The data will be obtained from the sensor through a Controller Area Network (CAN) module and processed in LabVIEW.

RO Plant Automation System

Authors

Santosh Kumar, K.S.N. Rao, S.S.Sadistap

Abstract

In the present scenario the safe and pure drinking water is the necessity of the each individual and becoming a challenging task to provide the pure and safe drinking water availability. The proposed system will provide the better quality product with the use of advance monitoring and controlling algorithms. The proposed RO automation system is equipped with Industrial PC along with high performance data acquisition and control (DAS) card, suitable sensors and opto and control. The control algorithms are developed using NI LabVIEW virtual instrument platform can be easily adopted for any high capacity RO plant. Appropriate sensors like temperature, pressure, PH, TDS and turbidity etc. are installed for continuo better quality product and safe operation. The proposed plant system will be provided set points, trend graphs, history graphs and controlling the required operations. Providing safe drinking water is the highest ph and state agencies. Safety of the plant is at risk if it is not monitored. The given automated controlling system plant will give higher and consistent out put.

Key words: Reverse Osmosis, Automation, Desalination, Virtual Instrument

Managing Level Control in Petroleum Industries Using LabVIEW

Authors

V.Ashok, Aditya Kumar, Rohit Sharma, Venkatesh Babu, Jeyanth Jasper

B.Tech III rd year,Dept. of Instrumentation & Control Engineering, SRM University, Tamilnadu.

Abstract

This is a method for determining and controlling the liquid level, in oil storage and maintenance unit at petroleum industries. Especially in LPG (liquid petroleum gas) which is more complicate to maintain the level because of its balancing liquid cum vapor state, it is very necessary to maintain the liquid level as well as the pressure of the vapor which is above the liquid. This Lab VIEW program may be specifically applied to determine and maintain the level of LPG in the storage tank at predefined level and also the vapor pressure which is present at the surface of the liquid. It is necessary to burn the excess vapor of the LPG when it exceeds the limited pressure due to the more inflow of LPG compared to the outflow, this must be done to avoid huge disaster. This process is programmed in Lab VIEW using PID tool kit to achieve the better control over the process as compared to PLC and DCS. The output of level control sensor is given to the PID controller. The error signal generated by the PID controller is fed to the system using DAQs. The set point is fixed based on the process. The generated error signal can be recorded in an array and analysis can be done.

Hywire Technology

Author

Iqbal Shah

Abstract

The uncertainability of the petroleum products and sudden hike of petroleum prices .Our vision tends to focus and finding an alternative system is able to give both a new trend in automobile machines and fuel system. This presentation is focusing a new vision into the future automobile and a new kind of alternative fuel system instead of petroleum named “Hy- wire” which is a combination of both new trend in automobile machines and fuel systems . In this future vehicle system there is no internal combustion engine and hydraulic linkages like any ordinary vehicle system consists . The required energy to drive the vehicle is given by “Hy-wire -Technology”

Gasoline’s Complex Permittivity and Adulteration Measuring Prototype Instrument

Authors

Anagha kunte, Savita Kulkarni, Komal Garde

Abstract

The basic aim of this project is to detect the adulteration of ethanol in gasoline, a non-destructive method proposed for effective permittivity measurement. The parameters such as resonant frequency, bandwidth, Q & Loss will be transferred from network analyzer to computer using GPIBUSB- B interface. LabVIEW 8.5 software enables us to make front-end of instrument prototype. S-Parameters are used for high-frequency modeling. For mathematical modeling i.e. in proposed project regression analysis is used Proposed system requirement is to set various equations and give results online. LabVIEW is used for data acquisition of loss in dB and frequency, complex permittivity instrument control, and automation online. A Microstip straight resonator is sensor through which data is passed via network analyzer to LabVIEW. VI does permittivity analysis and measurement. It is proved that petrol and ethanol are lossy dielectric liquids. A microwave resonator sensor for adulteration monitoring in petrol has been designed, fabricated and tested. The adulteration content is evaluated by measuring the resonant frequency by means VNA 8714ET capable of producing 1600 frequency samples in less than 1 sec. Accuracy better than 0.5% has been demonstrated by this VI and fully functional measurement system can be made by use of LabVIEW instrument drivers.

Gas Purity Monitor – Thermal Conductivity Route

Author

S Vignesh

Abstract

This paper presents a method to check the purity of gases by measuring the thermal conductivity. Gas purity is of great importance to industry in general. Power of Industrial lasers have increased dramatically over the past few years, therefore maintaining a highly pure atmosphere in laser resonator is important. Similarly, there are many other industries which look for gas purity. Technique for checking the purity of a gas depends on the type of gas. There are a number of sensors to measure the purity of gases but they are costly. The purity of gas can be checked by comparing it with the thermal conductivity of a reference gas (pure). If constant electrical power if applied to a sensor through which gas stream flows then, Thermal conductivity of a gas stream will affect the temperature of the sensor system. The temperature can be accurately measured by measuring electrical resistance. We use a wheatstone's bridge and pass the pure and impure gases through two arms. When both the gases are pure the bridge will be balanced. If there is an imbalance in the bridge, a small voltage will be developed which is then amplified and fed to a NI- DAQ and checked if there is any impurity. We use a NIDAQ because we can look for the minimum purity.

Electronic Nose

Author

Amit Jain

BITS-PILANI

Abstract

There is currently a great interest in developing new techniques for identifying an unknown gas. By employing gas sensors specifically made for the purpose, such identification can be made, by using a suitable algorithm. Such a system is often termed as an Electronic Nose. For this purpose, a LabVIEW Virtual Instrument (VI) was developed for acquiring data from the gas sensors through an 8-channel Data acquisition system, providing a graphical user interface to the user and for providing additional options like training the system with sample gases, saving results of experiment, loading past experiments etc. The system uses a Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) to identify the unknown gas by comparing the data gathered from the unknown gas with the previously stored training data, and delivers the results in real-time.

The project was successful, and can correctly identify the unknown gas with great accuracy. Tests were carried out with 8 gases, which were identified correctly by the system in all cases after training with just one sample data for each gas. The system also gives a probability of match for each gas, which the user can use to determine the confidence interval of the results.

Controller Design and Analysis for Automation of Chemical Water Treatment System

Authors

Anirudha Upadhyay (IV Year) Abhishek Agarwal (IV Year)

Electronics & Instrumentation, Electronics & Communication

VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

An automatic chemical waste treatment system designed involves a complete modernization of an existing waste water plant; starting from the water collection points, then on to the neutralization and decanting processes, and then finally to the solid waste (mud) drying process. The paper includes design and implementation of a Titration System for sampling waste from purifiers. It includes Implementation of titration system based on microcontroller interfaced with sensors using for sampling waste. Closed loop process offers optimal efficiency by maintaining the concentration at set point by controlling the flow rate of waste feed in purifier. Concentration of the sample is compared by the set point value. PID controller analyzes error and directs it accordingly as set by the reference point in case of positive error. However if negative error occurs the action of PID controller is overwritten using microcontroller based titration system as used for initial titration. It implements feedback PID controller coupled with dead time compensator so as to the control the output concentration at required user defined set point. Feed forward controller anticipates the temperature of the reactor by measuring the input concentration. Also, a cascade controller is implemented to control the reactor core temperature by controlling the flow rate of cooling water. It measures the disturbance before it affects the main variable and takes corrective action. The power of Lab VIEW is utilized for controlling action in plant by implementation of PID and Feed Forward control along with a Cascade. This preliminary study consisted of an optimization of the neutralized and particle-free effluent water returning to the purifier towers. System involves implementing multiple sampling sensors in flow line to measure the concentration throughout the continuous treatment process in order to pinpoint the source of problem in the event of high concentration flowing into waste or leakage. The solid waste separator is implemented mechanically using piston and flapper acting together to separate solid waste and water. Whole system is monitored by programmable logic controller (PLC) which controls logicof the sensor outputs and also directs the motor used in solid waste separator. Interrupts in the form of alarm triggering and auto shut down plays vital role. The former engender an alarm in case of leakage overflow, while later becomes active in case of PID breakdown. Also reset switch acts as human interfacing operation. The system is analyzed in Lab VIEW and showed exceptional results. Design can be implemented in various industries beneficiating people in terms of chemical hazards, time, and efficiency by the complete automation of chemical plants.

Central Surveillance System for Functional Facilities of Radiochemistry Laboratory

Author

Abhishek Garg

Abstract

The objective of the project was to develop full featured, flexible, powerful and reliable centralized surveillance system to monitor and control functional facilities present in Radiochemistry Laboratory, IGCAR, just sitting in front of computer. Functional facilities like Gamma Area Monitors (to detect gamma rays), AC & Ventilation System (to maintain temperature & purify contaminated air) are present in RCL for healthy lab operation. A system had to be developed in which an application (developed in LabVIEW 8.0) would be running on Central Computer to acquire & display data from the above instruments implemented with Modbus Protocol. The instruments contained RS485 serial ports for communication. One instrument was connected to computer while others were connected in daisy chain form. In the core of LabVIEW application was to create drivers for instruments implemented with modbus protocol. Then making appropriate driver calls in other VIs to collect data from each instrument one by one in a loop as fast as possible and displaying the data in virtual panels created for all these instruments. Also features like storing data in files with date & time stamp for future reference, analysis of data with 3
comparison, web publishing of the application, automatic email, voice messages etc. were added.

An Automatic System for Ion Beam Characterization Using LabVIEW

Authors

Ranjini Menon, P Y Nabhiraj and R K Bhandari

Abstract

Ion beam processes are gaining vast popularity in different fields like material research, nanotechnology, surface studies, industrial applications etc. Characterization of ion beam extracted from the source is very important before using it for any process and this demands sophisticated equipments and methods. We have developed an automated, simple to use and easy to replicate system to find out the emittance, which is one of the features of the ion beam to determine its quality, of a low energy ion beam extracted from an inductively coupled plasma ion source. The emittance measurement technique involves the electrostatic deflection of ion beam and finding out the divergence angle of the charged particle from the deflection voltage applied. An application is written in LabVIEW 7.1 to control the equipments such as Compact Field point modules, Keithley Pico ammeter cum voltage sources, in-vacuum high resolution micro translation stages etc used in the experiment, acquire and store data, eliminate noise submerged in the data and to find out the accurate emittance. In this paper a brief of the experiment, capabilities and various features of the LabVIEW application, equipments and methods used for data acquisition and analysis are presented.

Visual Aid System for Blind Persons using Proximity Sensors, Bluetooth technology and LabVIEW

Authors

Abhinav Kasliwal, Ramkrishna Sinha

Dept of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering

BITS Pilani Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa

Guided by Prof. A Amalin Prince (EEE Faculty, BITS Goa Pilani Campus)

Abstract

We introduce a signal manipulating control system that aids the visually challenged person to get idea of surrounding using its smart sensing and feedback giving mechanism. We are making use LABVIEW 8.2 with RT and FPGA modules.

The system, inspired by echolocation used by bats is designed to emit ultrasonic impulses generated by proximity sensors that have a minimum range of five meters. The output DC Voltage obtained from sensor and ADC is fed into another channel of NI 9201 I/P module. These signals are then compared with already known templates which were formed and stored when the device/sensor was at known distance from the obstacles. After comparing with these templates information is obtained about the distance of the person/device from the surrounding obstacles. Where there is no object, there is will be no feedback. Positive signals bouncing off objects are conveyed via blue tooth technology to a mobile device and then are translated in real time into sound frequencies. These results are made available to the blind person through headphones connected to the mobile to guide him/her accordingly to avoid obstacle.

Support Vector Machine (SVM) as Post Classifier for Epilepsy Risk Level Classifications from Fuzzy based EEG Signal Parameters

Authors

A. Keerthi Vasan, M. Logesh Kumar

Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an optimization of fuzzy outputs in the classification of epilepsy risk levels from EEG (Electroencephalogram) signals which are acquired through LABVIEW via DAC(Data Accusation Card). The fuzzy techniques are applied as a first level classifier to classify the risk levels of epilepsy. Support Vector machine (SVM) is identified as a post classifier on the classified data to obtain the optimized risk level that characterizes the patient’s epilepsy risk level. Epileptic seizures may go unnoticed, depending on their presentation, and some times may be confused with other events, such as a stroke, which can also cause falls or migraines. Twenty –five percent of the world’s 50 million people with epilepsy have seizures that cannot be controlled either by pharmaceutical therapy or surgical or combined by both methods. The bench parameters for validating the hybrid classifiers are Performance Index (PI) and Quality Value (QV) and are calculated. High PI such as 98.2 %, was obtained at QV’s of 22.2, for SVM optimization when compared to the value of 40% and 6.25 through fuzzy techniques respectively. We found that the SVM Method out performs Fuzzy Techniques in optimizing the epilepsy risk levels.

Sleep Detection in An Aircraft

Author

Rohan Chibber

C.M.R Institute of Technology, Bangalore

Abstract

The basic area of implementation of sleep detection has been widened by the revolutionizing development in fast and rapidly increasing environment of the 21st centuary human. The basic idea behind this is to use the prerequisite condition to detect the dormancy particularly of the pilot, the above discussed method uses the the physical condition developed during a normal average human sleep physical condition to use it to detect . .i.e- it use the CO2 level in the body,the external body temperature and the pupil dilation that is caused while sleep. The above discussed method can be integrated with the instrumentation software can be successfully implemented in the cockpit .

Robust Biometric Image Watermarking System

Authors

Ramamoorthy.S, Dinesh.K.B, Karthikeyan.M.R, Sruthi Varrier.M,Rahini.C.

Abstract

Products Used LABVIEW 8.5 Express, Grabber card, Compact Data Acquisition Card, Finger

print sensor, Webcam/Digital camera

Objective:

To Develop a full featured, secured, robustic BIOMETRIC System Using Watermarking technique with combined DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) and LSB(Least Significant Bit) to securely embeds a face template in finger print image.

Solution: Developing Biometric system Using VI Environment

KEYWORDS: DWT, Security, Watermarking, LSB, IDWT.

Terms used

DWT - Discrete Wavelet Transform

LSB - Least Significant Bit.

IDWT - Inverse Discrete Wavelet Transform

Introduction

Various schemes for data hiding are developed recently. According to the purposes of data hiding, these systems are classified in to two categories: Watermarking and steganography. Watermarking is a protecting technique which protects the author’s property right for images by some hidden watermarks or confidential data from the unintended internet users.

With the growing popularity of Biometric system it needs more and more security to prevent our valuable property from unauthorized person. The new data hiding techniques need to be developed that satisfy the requirements of imperceptibility, robustness, capacity, or data hiding rate and security of the hidden data etc. At this juncture, DWT and LSB play the role of an efficient tool because of multi resolution capability that highlights the local and global property of the signal. Data embedding in image characteristics regions expected to show resiliency against different types of the unintentional and /or deliberate attacks.

Brief Description

In the present scenario the Biometrics based authentication systems have inherent advantage over traditional personal identification techniques. But the critical problem is to ensure the security and integrity of biometric data. The watermarking techniques combined with DWT and LSB will give more security for the data. Bit Plane modulation in wavelet domain is to be developed to provide resiliency against volumetric distortion sources, on the other hand LSB is used to provide resiliency against geometric attacks. The main concepts used here is Digital Image Processing, DWT and LSB.

Digital Image Processing: The function of DIP is Image acquisition, Image enhancement, Image restoration, color image processing, Wavelets, compression, Morphological Processing, segmentation, Representation & Description, Object Recognition.

DWT: DWT is known to one of the most useful techniques for multi resolution image analysis. The Wavelet scheme provides a powerful and flexible set of tools for handling problems in noise removal signal, image compression etc. It can be implemented by using two channel filter banks composed of a low pass and high pass filter and each filter bank is then sampled at a half of the previous frequency. By repeating this procedure, it is possible to obtain the wavelets transform of any order. LSB: The most frequently used data hiding method is the technique of

LSB substitution. In a gray-level image, every pixel consists of 8 bits. One pixel can hence display 28 =256 variations. This embedding procedure does not affect the original pixel value greatly. For spatial domain Watermarking methods the processing is applied on the image pixels directly. In other words watermarked is embedded in image by modifying the pixel values. The advantage of this type of watermarking is easy and computationally fast.

How to Implement in NI environment: At first we have to create a sub VI for DWT algorithm, LSB algorithm, and the processor in Labview environment. For other environments like matlab, TMS320c6711 processor is needed to interface this algorithms and external device like finger print sensor and web camera or digital camera. But in Labview we can design the processor for the particular function. After creating the processor in Labview we have to load those algorithms (DWT, LSB) in that processor. By using the data acquisition card we can interface the system with that fingerprint sensor and by using grabber card we can interface the system with webcam or digital camera.

Working Principle: The details (watermarked finger print image with face template) of any industry employee or any organization staffs are stored in reference database of the Biometric System. After that if anybody from that organization place their finger in that finger print sensor, that will capture their finger print by finger print sensor and face by webcam, then it will form a watermarked image and compare with that reference data, whether that person is authorized one or not.

Benefits of using VI in this project Efficient system with faster performance compared to manual TMS Processor in MATLAB based system. Space requirements are less due to usage of Lab VIEW environment. More Security when compared to present Biometric system.

Real Time Heart Diseases Monitoring System (RTHDMS)

Author

Sajithkumar M, Gangadevi P C

7th Semester, Electronics & Communication

Guided by Dr.T.K. Mani, Principal

College of engineering, Cherthala

Alappuzha, Kerala

Abstract

The critical aspect of this paper is to discuss an innovative application of the VI system in medical field. Real Time Heart Diseases Monitoring System (RTHDMS) is a biomedical instrument used to diagnose some important heart diseases such as Heart Attack, Arriyhamiya, Angina, and Long Q-T Syndrome etc. these diseases are made considerable variations in blood pressure, ECG and other physiological parameters. Most of these reactions are gradually developed in the body so that the diseases can be recognized before reach their dangerous stage.

RTHDMS has two parts

The DAQ system: - sensing, conditioning and digitizing the physiological parameters as well as send it to the signal processing unit- these are the main functions of the data acquisition system

VI Software: - In this instrument the entire signal processing is carried out by the virtual instrumentation software developed with the Labview VI platform.

Following are the main functions of this software:

Digital filtering signal processing (QRS complex analysis, QT interval calculation, heart beat rate counting, Oxymetry monitoring, analysis of systolic and diastolic pressures etc). User interface (Graphical representation of front panel, wave plots, Sound indication etc)

Prediction of Epilepsy Using Electronic Diagnosing System

Author

Vineet Kumar Singh

Abstract

Epilepsy is a fatal condition which is caused as a result of imbalance in the nervous system. The very common symptoms of epilepsy includes sudden fluctuations in heartbeat rate and involuntary muscular movements. The aura (practical symptom) of epilepsy includes fluctuations in heartbeat, nausea, dizziness etc.

The wireless electronic diagnosing system designed here is exclusively meant for epilepsy patients. The system helps them in accurately predicting the occurrence of seizures. Sudden occurrence of seizures during driving may lead to accidents and its occurrence during sleeping hours can even lead to the patient’s death, if no immediate, proper attention is provided by a by stander or a doctor. With the aid of this system, the patient can lead a normal life. Since the occurrence of seizures is unpredictable, it will be a very risky task to leave the patient alone.

The electronic system presented here is a wearable device which predicts the occurrence of epilepsy in a few minutes advance. The device utilizes the signals from human body to detect the occurrence of epilepsy. As soon as the device detects the symptoms, it transmits a coded signal. The signal is decoded by a wireless receiver to produce control signals for switching an alarm device, mobile messaging device and an automatic vehicle control system appropriately. In future, GPS could be incorporated to trace out the exact location of the patient.

Current technologies for acquiring signals from the patient’s body are very much developed. Many sensors are available which can detect the heart beat and muscular movements non- invasively and accurately.

Such non invasive technique for measuring heart beat is pulse oximetry. Using this technique, heart beat can be accurately monitored. Muscular convulsions are collected using micro electromechanical sensors (MEMS) firmly attached to the body. The sensors used are small in size and can be firmly attached to the body. The accelerations resulting from epileptic convulsions are sensed using MEMS accelerometer which is very accurate, precise and small in size.

Heart beats are to be monitored continuously. Any sudden variation in heart beat epileptic seizures is detected and confirmed with the MEMS signal. When the seizure is confirmed, message is transmitted to the surroundings for initiating necessary protective measures for the patient.

The device is designed as a wireless, wearable and personal equipment. The device can sense the aura of pre octal stage in a few minutes advance and takes the necessary safety measures automatically. Hence a technician’s assistance is not required for the patient. Therefore this device will be extremely useful for patients (especially youngsters) who wish to be active in their life. The user gets absolute freedom from wires and can be used when moving.

Multi - Channel Das of EEG by Using LabVIEW

Authors

B.RAJESH, Research Associate,

Y.N.HARIKA, Research Associate,

K.SUDHARANI, Associate Professor,

Abstract

Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a device that amplifies and displays brain electrical potentials. Every EEG consists of brain bio-potential amplifiers, digitalization (conversion of analog signal to ones and zeros – binary numbers) and displaying of data.

The electroencephalograph (EEG) monitors the brainwave activity from sensors placed on the scalp. Applications for EEG feedback are currently being developed. It is a painless, non-invasive procedure that might be helpful in the management of a large variety of disorders. These include epilepsy, hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder, alcohol / chemical dependency and other addictive disorders, traumatic brain injury, sleep onset disorders and insomnia. The detection and classification of EEG waveforms by visually screening the EEG record is a rather complex operation. For this purpose we are developing a multi-channel EEG (electroencephalogram) acquisition and signals are displayed using LabVIEW.. The system includes an EEG signal conditioning unit and a PC with LabVIEW software installed. The former is composed of pre-amplifiers, filters, and gain amplifiers and the later a DAQ card connected to PC installed with NI-LabVIEW.

Intelligent Health Card

Authors

G.Shiva Prasad,P.Dheera, Saida Fridous, Syed Mazaruddin, P.Nitin

Guided By Pankaj Astankar

Asst.professor.

KITS, Singapur

Abstract

The proposed project “INTELLIGENT HEALTH CARD” is used to verify and find the abnormal conditions in a human body. The card is tagged to the human to check the human pulse rate, body temperature, rate of respiration and blood pressure. The card is already stored with normal conditions of human body. By verifying these conditions with the conditions stored in the card memory, If any abnormality persists it will ring up to the nearest hospital or an ambulance by using bluetooth.

Bluetooth is a new low cost, low power, radio interface standard for wireless communication over a short distances. It is envisaged that it allow for the replacement of many propriety cables that connect one device to another with one universal radio link.

Intelligent Compatible System for Physically Handicapped to Perform the Professional Task

Author

N M Adam Alisha

Asst. Prof. & Head

Department of Electronics and Instrumentation

Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti - 626 106.

Abstract

Intelligent Systems are often required in the critical areas. To accomplish given tasks in such areas, a system or receives information concerning its environment, and makes decisions and performs actions in relation to the situation by itself. Consequently, robotic systems require capabilities such an inference, learning, planning and prediction, which have been termed Artificial Intelligence (AI). This system emerges from the close linkage of capabilities.

Living creatures have evolved and formed ecological systems by adapting to their dynamic environments. The Intelligence of a system emerges as a result of the synthesis of simultaneous processing of perception, decision-making, and action. Thus the system requires the whole structure of intelligence, and acquires skill and knowledge through interaction with the dynamic environment by computational Intelligence. The Research area has been concerned with Intelligence, soft computing, artificial life and computational Intelligence by a LabVIEW based intelligent control software. This implementation provides high performance and enables the user to develop sophisticated control method for different application with the utilization of the advantages of LabVIEW programming.

Conclusion

The Research proposed is to design a system with structured intelligence constructed from the viewpoint of cognitive psychological features. And to obtain the results by training the system by NN and motion planning by GA to perform simultaneously for a given task. In future to develop the sensory network for perception to the proposed system.

Instrumentation to Record Physiological Parameters During Pre- Clinical Animal Trials of A Prosthetic Heart Valve Device

Authors

Sujesh S, Rajeev A, Muraleedharan CV.

Biomedical Technology Wing (BMT Wing),

Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST).

Poojapura, Trivandrum – 695012. Kerala, India.

Abstract

Pre-clinical trial is an important test procedure for any implantable medical device. This paper describes the instrumentation test system designed and developed by the Device testing laboratory of SCTIMST to be used during the pre-clinical evaluation on suitable animal models of the improved artificial tilting disc heart valve being developed at SCTIMST. Monitoring and recording physiological parameters such as blood pressure, ECG, and heart valve sounds during an animal model trial are very useful in providing critical data regarding the performance of the prosthetic heart valve. The instrumentation was developed using the LabView software platform and data acquisition and signal conditioning hardware from National Instruments, USA. The system could acquire and record data in real time with good signal strength, and also make it available later for offline processing.

The prosthetic heart valve is a tilting disc device, which consists of three parts – the valve cage, the occluder disc and a sewing ring. The pre-clinical study consists of trials of the mitral prosthetic valve on animal models such as sheep (ovine) and pig (swine). The parameters being monitored include ECG, arterial blood pressure, and heart valve sounds during the implantation of the valve. On successful implantation and survival for a fixed period the heart valve is explanted. During explantation various features of the valve are studied including physiological performance. The parameters studied in an explantation study include ECG, arterial, left atrial and left ventricular pressures, and heart valve sounds. This paper describes an instrumentation setup that includes capability of monitoring upto eight channels simultaneously. Currently five channels have been utilized to measure ECG, arterial pressure, left atrial pressure, left ventricular pressure, and heart valve sound. Additionally a channel was used for recording the signal of a catheter based pressure transducer. The data gained is used to assess the valve performance with regard to its haemodynamics such as transvalvular pressure gradient, level of valve closure sounds and its frequency spectrum, and estimation of parameters such as valve closing time and opening time.

NI Modules used:

1. PXI 1042 Chassis

2. PXI 8186 Controller

3. PXI 6220 DAQ

4. SCXI 1520 Strain gauge module

5. SCXI 1314 Terminal box.

Hospital Automation Using Virtual Instrumentation

Authors

Balaji T , Karthick M

Under the Guidance of Nagaraj B, Lecturer

Dept of E&I, Kamaraj College of Engineering & Technology

Virudhunagar-626001, Tamilnadu

Abstract

The tools disposition of the industrial Automation, like SCADA in hospital services is a tendency, that optimizes the processes and health services; these tools, provide resources with support, validating, facilitating and make faster the processes, as much of diagnosis (monitoring), as of specialized intervention (control) and legal responsibilities (reports). This document presents/displays advances in the technological development of an application, where techniques oriented to the control, the communications, the virtual and conventional instrumentation take advantage of, the management and information processing, among others; proposing a system of monitoring, registry and control, reliable and flexible, improving the UCIN (Units of Intensive Cares Neonatal), as well as other processes in the clinical atmosphere.

Keywords: Automation, Virtual Instrumentation, Bioengineering, CIM, Fuzzy logic, Incubator, SCADA, LabVIEW, Microcontrollers, Neonatology.

Heart rate variability Based arrhythmia classification using support vector machine

Authors

Bharathi K.N.

Priya K. Chandra

Savitha V.S.

Swathi Suresh G

Abstract

The objective of the project is to classify arrhythmias using Support Vector Machines based on features of HRV. HRV analysis is a powerful tool to assess autonomic function in both health and disease. This study was conducted with a goal to Obtain time and frequency parameters of HRV for the data taken from MIT-BIH arrhythmia database using LABVIEW.Test the significance of the obtained results using analysis of variance.Train the SVM using the obtained data.Predict the respective classes for the testing data.

This project explores techniques for Arrhythmia analysis based on heart rate variability signal in an attempt to develop robust methods for Arrhythmia classification using support vector machines (SVM).

The study was conducted to derive HRV parameters from ECG signals. All time/frequency domain parameters were chosen and program was successfully implemented in classifying the Arrhythmias into respective classes.

The data is collected from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The tachograms is extracted from the ECG signal which is further divided into small segments of 32 segments. They are characterized by MIT-BIH arrhythmia database annotations. Using XVIEW these annotated segments are made readable into LABVIEW. This gives the HRV parameters in time and frequency domain. Using analysis of variance, the features are reduced based on p-value obtained. These features are given to a classifier called SVM, for training and the remaining features for testing. This classifies all the features into the respective classes.

The proposed SVM classifier shows satisfactory performances in discriminating four types of arrhythmia. The discrimination of NSR, VF, PVC and AF classes was found to have an accuracy of 96.5% .

Electro Occulogram (EOG)

Author

Haj

Abstract

The electro Occulogram (EOG) signal is acquired by a bi-channel signal acquisition system and prominent artifacts and interference are suppressed. It is then processed for use in biomedical instrumentation systems such as eyeball tracking and blink detection. This paper also discusses the application of EOG signal processing to the control of a dual stage hospital alarm system. EOG based bio control is found to be a suitable alternative to current control schemes especially for quadriplegics and severely paralyzed patients.

EEG Signal Processing For Neurological Disease - Alzheimer's

Author

Vignesh Sukavanam

Abstract

The EEG is a signal derived from the activity of complex neurons near the surface of the brain. Continuous reading of EEG can play a vital role in the detection of many central nervous system disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Epilepsy and brain damage.

Alzheimer’s is a progressive, neuro-degenerative disorder that attacks brain and results impaired memory, thinking and behavior. It causes death in adults, after heart disease, cancer and stroke.

The aim of the project is to process the EEG signals from the human subjects for the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease. Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) software will be chosen for the processing application. First the EEG frequency bands alpha, theta, delta and beta are separated. The processing is done by taking a particular age group under consideration. Since the EEG signals are sensitive to sensory organs, it may contain several artifacts. The artifacts may be due to winking of eyes, hearing of noise, continuous thinking, sweating, feeling the touch of others etc. Suitable algorithms will be developed to distinguish the disorders and artifacts. The process involves various image processing techniques. LabVIEW help us in framing these algorithms avoiding the usage of complex codes.

Detection of Beetles in Coconut Trees Using Acoustic Emission Technique

Authors

S Arun Kumar 06M110 , B Gokul 06M112 , R Panneer Selvan 06M137

III BE Mechanical, PSG College of Technology

Abstract

The biggest threats for the coconut trees for the past 50 years are the destruction caused by the beetles like “RED PALM WEEVIL” & “RHINOCEROS BEETLE”. Normally palms that fall in the range of 1 to 13 years are more susceptible to weevil infestation. The female weevil scoops out small holes in soft tissues of the cut or damaged parts of the coconut palms and deposit eggs there. The eggs hatch in 2 to 3 days time and grubs start tunneling to the live tissues of the palm. Feeding by a number of grubs or feeding by few in the bud region results in the death of the palm. Being an internal feeder exit holes are tunneled only at the time of pupation and the presence of the pest cannot be detected at an early stage.

The symptoms manifested at the late stage of weevil infestation are the presence of holes, oozing out of viscous brown fluid and extrusion of chewed up fibers through the holes, longitudinal splitting of the leaf bases and withering of the central spindle. In severe and later stages of the infestation the sound of gnawing and the breaking of fibers could be heard in silent environment. Quite often the infestation would become evident only when the growing point of the palm is damaged and the crown is toppled.

Our system will detect the presence of the weevil in the beginning stages of tunneling the tree. The grub stage of the weevil has cutting and chewing mouth parts and when it bites the tissue, the tissue strains and the energy is liberated at certain high frequency. The waves are in the range above the audible range i.e. >20 kHz . For this we use an acoustic emission sensor to capture the sound released during the biting of tissue by the weevil. From the experiments conducted earlier we would have found the frequency of the sound produced during the biting of the weevil. Then suitable high pass and low pass filters are designed to capture for the specific frequency range. The system is controlled and monitored using LabVIEW software. A tree is monitored on a particular time and if there is any sign of weevil there will be a peak indicated in the output window from which the presence of weevil can be detected.

The advantage of using this system is that it can able to detect the presence of weevil at its initial grub stage. But the present method of detection is possible only after 35% of damage caused to the tree. At that stage controlling the pest will not be effective. Also the annual yield drops drastically even though it is detected after 35% damage.

Keywords : Weevil Infestation, Acoustic Emissions, Grub, High pass & Low Pass Filters

DESIGN OF AN AUTOMATED WHEEL CHAIR AND ITS CONTROL USING ELECTRO-ENCEPHALOGRAM (EEG) SIGNALS FOR PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED.

Authors

ANIRUDHA UPADHYAY, ABHISHEK AGARWAL

VIT UNIVERSITY, VELLORE

TAMIL NADU, INDIA

Abstract:

This paper presents the concept of electroencephalogram based control of an electric wheelchair.

The objective is to control the direction of an electric wheelchair using only EEG signals. To achieve this goal, a wheelchair is automated with necessary algorithms and mechanical hardware’s for safe movement and a recursive algorithm is developed to generate recognition patterns from EEG signals a. This algorithm uses digital signal processing techniques which are implemented in LabVIEW Signal Processing kit. The setup consists of an electro-cap (electrodes), electroencephalography, an electrode box, an analog-to-digital converter, and computer. The wheelchair draws power from battery. Wheelchair perform task in two modes semi-autonomous and full autonomous mode. The chair is to be programmed effectively for collision detection, Line Following, and Remote detection that provide good coverage of the chair’s surrounding template. The ultrasonic and IR sensors are used to image surrounding environment. The patterns generated from EEG are sampled at constant rate. These are then compared with the already stored recognized pattern using correlation. The signals are generated based on correlated output which drives the chair. This chair is helpful for patients with limb disability and elderly persons.

Keywords: EEG signals, Electro-cap (electrodes), Electroencephalography, Digital Signal Processor

Cryonics-On The way of Raising the Dead

Author

Mohd. Shafi Vullah

Abstract

Today technology plays a vital role in every aspect of life. Increasing standards in technology in many fields , has taken man today to high esteem. But the present available technologies are unable to interact with the atoms, such a minute particles. Hence Nanotechnology has been developing. Nanotechnology is nothing but a technology which uses atoms with a view to creating a desired product. It has wider applications in all the fields. The important application is Cryonics... Cryonics is nothing but an attempt of raising the dead - making them alive. First we preserve the body then by using molecular machines based nanotechnology we could revive the patients by repairing damaged cells.

In this technical paper we would like to discuss cryonics, how the process of cryonics goes on and why nanotechnology is being used and description of molecular machines which has the capability of repairing damaged cells. Therefore Cryonics is an area in which most of the work is to be done in future .

Computerized Color Blindness Test Using LabVIEW

Authors

Ahilaa T.D.; Giri Dharan A ; Indrani R ; Sivaranajani T; Suganya S

Guided by Dr A Kandaswamy, HOD

Dept.of Biomedical Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore.

Abstract

These days human race is facing lots of physical and mental problems. Now a day’s diagnosis of problems at their earlier stage is very important for providing complete cure to them. Here we present a fully automated, computerized technique for diagnosing human visual problems. We have utilized ‘LABVIEW’ for its precision and accuracy. Visual diagnosis includes color blindness – inability to perceive differences between some of the colors that others can be distinguished, because of eye, nerve or brain damage are due to exposure to certain chemicals. Other tests include visual acuity –quantitative measure of the ability to identity the black symbols on a white background at a standardized distance as the size of the symbol is varied. It is based on the sharpness of the retinal focus and the sensitivity of interpretative faculty of the brain.

Visual field test- Performed to analyze a patient’s visual field. The test may be performed by a technician using an automated machine. Other names for this test may include permity, tangent screen exam, etc,. This virtual instrument for screening vision problem is ideal for mass screening in education institutions, clinics, etc., for the early detection of color blindness.

Communication Device for the Hearing and Speech Impaired

Author

Preetha P

CMR Institute of Technology, Bangalore

Abstract

A tool that provides a whole new dimension of communication for the hearing and speech impaired. The VI software is an interfacing software that enables the hearing and speech impaired to interact and communicate with the rest of the world. This software is capable of translating spoken words to the visual sign language and at the same time translating the visual signs into words. We hope this innovative tool makes the deaf and dumb more equipped to interact with the outside world hence making their world a better place.

Care Taker - Its take care of you

Author

Vijaya Kumar

Abstract

It’s an automated machine which acts as an assistant to a doctor. It’s an Artificial Intelligence system which scans the normal symptoms of our body which gets varied by diseases are scanned, identified and the required prescription is given to the user or directed to the doctor with the user report or the prescribed medicine stored in the machine is made available to the user. By using voice recognition, we make the user to feel like talking with the doctor. All the queries from the user are well answered by AI system with doctor knowledge. The main advantage of this system is making doctor’s work more easy and accurate analysis. The Touch screen is used as a user interface and various kinds of information can be viewed through this. It simply has a touch screen, lifting stand, scanner and some sensors. It scans our eyes and measures pulse rate, heart beat rate, height, weight, body temperature and process those inputs and give the BMI report and also get the statements from the patients and process them with the symptoms and give the prescription regarding to that to cure it. It also checks the power of the eye and report the eye power using some traditional procedures and inform the current situation of eye and heart condition and its problems if any detected and their remedies using medicine and exercise demos and help us to improve our life style. These all actions are well performed by our automated Artificial Intelligence System Care taker. The system has the user interface developed using Microsoft .NET and back ground processing are developed by Graphical programming using LabVIEW 8.5

Cardex-Expert Cardiac Activity Monitor

Authors

K.V.L.Narayana and A.Bhujanga Rao

Department of Instrument Technology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel way of automating the diagnosis of cardiac disorders using an expert system developed on the basis of information derived from the analysis of Electrocardiogram (ECG) and also provides the online monitoring of cardiac patient. Cardiologists use ECG as a definitive indicator of the condition of the human heart using certain well defined rules as also their own experience to diagnose the condition of patient. The decision process is made systematic by developing a visualization tool (LABVIEW)using proven algorithm for processing the information contained in the typical ECG.The information can be of great help to a general practitioner , to identify the specific problem and start treatment without any delay. The proposed system provides a fast and effective diagnosis of the problem. This has been possible by encoding the expert knowledge and interfacing it with real time ECG available. The system has fast updating facility to track any rapid deterioration, if it occurs and is thus helpful to monitor patients in ICU.

BioID

Author

Shafi Vullah

Abstract

Most systems that control access to financial transactions, computer networks, or secured locations identify authorized persons by recognizing passwords or personal identification numbers. The weakness of these systems is that unauthorized persons can discover others’ passwords and numbers quite easily and use them without detection.

Biometric identification systems, which use physical features to check a person’s identity, ensure much greater security than password and number systems. Biometric features such as the face or a fingerprint can be stored on a microchip in a credit card, for example, If someone steals the card and tries to use it, the impostor’s biometric features will not match the features stored in the card, and the system will prevent the transaction. A single feature, however, sometimes fails to be exact enough for identification. Consider identical twins, for example. Their faces alone may not distinguish them. Another disadvantage of using only one feature is that the chosen feature is not always readable. For example, some five percent of people have fingerprints that cannot be recorded because they are obscured by a cut or a scar or are too fine to show up well in a photograph. This paper presents a system called BioID which is developed to identify a person using three different features-Face, voice, and lip movement. With its three modalities, BioID achieves much greater accuracy than single feature systems.

BIO – SOS (Sound of Silence Equipment)

Author

Mr. Vicky Suri

Research Scholar,CBME, IIT and AIIMS

C-188, Maharana Pratap Enclave, Pitam Pura, New Delhi – 110034

Abstract

Many Signals are propagating inside the human body. These signals are produced due to the ionic activity inside the body. These signals can be measured from the surface of the body. These electric signals are useful in the communication between the cells of the body. This communication is important for the proper functioning of the cells and well being of the person. Sometimes due to the presence of unwanted cells and toxins, the communication between the body cells gets disturbed. Due to this various diseases take place.

Bioresonance therapy is useful in bringing the healthy state of the body. The signals between healthy cells are harmonious and signals from unwanted cells and toxins are high frequency signals. During bioresonance therapy we take the electrical signals from right hand, process it and give it to the left hand. During processing, the BRT system filters the signal in high frequency and low frequency component. The high frequency component is inverted and fed back. The low frequency component signal is amplified and fed back. This signal reduces the effect of unwanted cells and toxins and restores the communication between the healthy cells. This process restores the health of the body. The BRT system has a variable filter cutoff frequency and variable low frequency signal amplifier gain. In the BRT system, the positive electrode is fixed on the right hand. The negative electrode is put below the neck. The right foot is taken as the reference. The signal is acquired, processed and given to the right hand. In this way we take the electrical energy from the body, process it and feed it back to the body. This process harmonize the energy associated with the body.

Automatic Feeding System for Upper-Limb Amputees

Author(s)M. Jagannath,S.Saravanakumar

Research Scholars

Department of Engineering Design, IITM, Chennai – 600036.

Abstract

There are many examples of assistive devices that enable disabled people to perform many activities of daily living thus improving their quality of life. This has been used to enhance a person's capability for independent living and vocational productivity. In this paper we describe a system that is mainly intended to provide an alternative of feeding for people with upper-limb amputations. It can be operated in either auto or manual mode. In manual mode the user can control the feeding arm using a switch that is activated by his or her foot. Specifically, actuating the switch in one direction will cause the spoon to lower and collect food from an underlying plate. The spoon is then lifted to an area proximal the user's mouth for food consumption. In auto mode we used a Lab VIEW based real time data acquisition and instrumentation for the feeding system. The addition of the new LabVIEW module to the system provides the much needed real time informations such as disc angle, arm angle and physical presence of the amputee. Hence our feeding system enables the user to retrieve, serve and eat a desired food product on-demand, with minimal or no assistance of others.

Automatic Control of Car during Cardiac Arrest (With Pre-Programmed Messaging)

Author

Abid Shariff

Abstract

The aim of the project is to develop a prototype for the Automatic Car Control during Cardiac arrest. The prototype consists of a Heart rate monitor, pre programmed message sending module and fuzzy logic controller for obstacle detection and safe parking of the car. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality. With an ageing population it will only increase over the next 10 to 15 years since cardiovascular diseases occur predominantly in the age group of 55 and over. We intend to develop a prototype for the portable remote monitoring system that monitors the heart while traveling in the car and notifies the person or external party in case of abnormalities. We ought to modify the existing heart monitoring solutions to suite car environment such that the output of the existing system and our system are same. We basically monitor the frequency of the heart beats in the MATLAB/SIMULINK and in case of any deviation, it triggers the messaging module and converts the control of car from manual mode to automatic mode and controls it using FLC (which can be implemented in a Microcontroller). The advantages of this modification is that the sensor system gives noise free measurements which can be used in other environments, reduction in artifacts, it provides a vast scope for future implementation, cost efficiency and the noninvasive as well as nonintrusive measurement is guaranteed. The project consists of five phases. The first phase is the sensor part. The sensor portion consists of a normal stethoscope diaphragm linked to a “noise cancellation” microphone sampled at 8000 samples per second can be used. The second phase is the interface between sensors and PC. This interface phase is done using a “WINSOUND0-AI” card which converts analog signal to digital signal. The third phase is the processing of the heart signal. This module has two important parts: 1) Noise Cancellation and 2) Control logic part.Adaptive filters track the dynamic nature of a system and allow elimination of the unwanted part of the signal. These filters minimize the difference between the output signal and the desired signal by altering the filtering coefficients. The control logic part converts the heart rate signal (PQRST wave/heart beat sounds) into square pulses. This conversion is done in SIMULINK,where the sensor signal is compared with a threshold to convert them into a square pulses. Then the square pulses are counted using counter and if the count exceeds 120 beats/sec or reduces below 60 beats/sec an alarm is triggered. Then in fourth phase is message sending module. In this portion we send an emergency message to the doctor (relatives) using AT commands. Then control of the car shifts to automatic mode. The final phase is fuzzy driving of the car.

Automated System for EEG’s Artifacts Removal using Adaptive Filter

Author

C.Vimal,P.Krishan,B.Sathish,S.Vineeth,D.Chakravathy.

B.E. (BIOMEDICAL ENGG)

P.S.G.COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY.COIMBATORE-04.

Guided by E.MALAR, P.S.G.COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY.

Abstract

Extracting required electrical signal corresponds to brain activity from an Electroencephalogram is a major problem in Neuroscience. The sensed cerebral signals have several origins that lead to the complexity of their identification. Therefore, the noise removal is of the prime necessity to make easier data interpretation and representation and to recover the signal that matches perfectly a brain functioning. A common problem faced during the clinical recording of the EEG signal, are the interference signals generated by different organs. For example, eye-blinks, the movement of the eye balls produce Ocular artifacts that interferes the brain signals. It has been

known for quite some time now that the Alpha rhythm of the EEG, which is the principal resting rhythm of the brain in adults while they are awake, is directly influenced by visual stimuli. Auditory and mental arithmetic tasks with the eyes closed leads to strong alpha waves, which are suppressed when the eyes are opened.

A number of methods of dealing with ocular artifact in the EEG, focusing on the relative merits of a variety of EOG correction procedures have been performed. A cascade of three adaptive filters based on a Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithm to reduce the common artifacts present in EEG signals without removing significant information embedded in these records is most common in nowadays. We proposed an approach using one adaptive filter instead of a cascade of three adaptive filters and the ocular artifacts are removed very easily. The suppression ratio in our approach is high. We conclude that adaptive cancellation is an efficient processing technique for improving the quality of EEG signals in biomedical analysis.

ANALYSIS OF LUNGS FOR RESRTICTIVE AND OBSTRUCTIVE DISEASES USING LABVIEW

YESHWANTRAO CHAVAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Wanadongri, Nagpur.

Department of Electronics &Telecommunication Engineering

This project deals with the analysis of lungs for various diseases that are

categorized as:-

· Restrictive,

· Obstructive, and

· Combined.

Restrictive diseases are caused due to difficulty in inspiration; obstructive diseases are caused due to difficulty in expiration, and a combination of both the diseases gives rise to combined diseases. These violate some of the pulmonary functions that give rise to variation in

parameters such as:-

· FVC - Forced Vital Capacity,

· FEV - Forced Expiratory Volume,

· FEF - Forced Expiratory flow,

· PEF - Peak Expiratory flow,

· FIVC - Forced Inspiratory Vital Capacity,

· FIV - Forced Inspiratory Air Volume,

· PIF - Peak Inspiratory Flow,

· FIF - Forced inspiratory Flow, etc.

This analysis is made convenient and simple using LabVIEW. In this project, a Virtual model of lungs is created by doing various mathematical modelings and comparative graphs are plotted on the front panel which interprets the given inputs of the above mentioned parameters and compares them with the standard values to give the correct diagnosis of any of the above diseases.

Submitted by:-

Mugdha Gupte

Gauri Oak

Sai Agnihotri

Amruta Gandhi

Guided by:- Mr. M.S. Pawar

ANALYSING SKIN SENSITIVITY

Authors

M.Jothi basu (07D436),G.kannan (07D438),K.Mukesh (07D444)

Department of BioMedical Engineering

Guided by E.MALAR,Lecturer,Department of Biomedical engineering

PSG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY,CBE-641004

Abstract

The physiological properties of reception and transmission of tactile and thermal stimuli of man are different in quality and quantity. Tactile stimuli are transmitted by the myelinated A and B fibers which have a diameter between 8and15micro meter with a conduction velocity of 40-70m/s, whereas thermal stimuli are transmitted by the nonmyelinated C fibers which have a diameter between 3 and 4micrometer with a conduction velocity of 0.5 to 2 m/s .The sensation of thermal pain which follows a heat stimulus is slower, less localized, and more persistent than tactile pain .Using external electrodes, one can obtain summated action potentials resulting from the combined action of a great number of neurons. A measurement of this type reflects the entire possible information incident in that region of the body, e.g., the effect of all adequate stimuli like pressure or heat. The temporal amplitude patterns of potentials actually reflect the functioning of the nervous system and depend greatly on the electrical conductance of the skin where the stimulus is applied. Most of the techniques adopted to the quantitative evaluation of peripheral sensory functions suffer various limitations.

Our project aims at development of techniques designed to measure the electric responses to periodic tactile and thermal Stimuli on the skin of the hand. The measurements are made in a screened room using gold-surfaced Electrodes applied on the region of the wrist. These electronic techniques have been adopted because they are suitable in recovering induced periodic action potentials and in eliminating noise, and therefore make it possible to compare different neural functional states of the hand. This method might have a clinical application in plastic surgery of the hand, where the only indication that sensitivity in skin pedicle flaps has been recovered is still often dependent on the subjective judgment of the patient.

A Novel Approach & Robust Technique for Fetal ECG Analysis

Authors

M.SHANMUGANAND,E.SIVA SHANMUGANATHAN,R.NAGARAJAN,N.ASHWATHY

B.E BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

SRI RAMAKRISHNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE,COIMBATORE

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a new method for FECG analysis in abdominal recordings. A fetal ECG contains important indications about the health conditions of fetus and is a diagnostic tool of particular importance. Our method combines the use of Wavelet Transform, Adaptive signal processing and Independent component analysis to extract various information about the fetal ECG. The fetal ECG is obtained from the mother’s abdomen using multi-lead cutaneous electrodes. The position of the electrodes and the number of electrodes used determines the nature of the signal obtained. The obtained ECG contains a number of contaminants and a strong interference from maternal electrical activity. The de-noising of this signal is done using wavelet transform which removes Power Line Interference, Base Line Wandering and other wide-band noises. The intervention of maternal ECG over the FECG can be removed by using Adaptive Signal Processing (ASP).The required features of the fetal ECG is then extracted using Independent Component Analysis (ICA).The proposed method is more accurate as compared to the earlier methods of Direct Subtraction & Singular Value Decomposition (SVD).The expected result from this method is estimated to have a better balance between Accuracy and Smoothness of the output curve.

A New PC and LabVIEW Package Based System for Bio – Sensors

Authors

Azaz Ahmad, Bidhishekhar Tripathi

Dept. of Information Technology

Dr.B.R.A.University,I.E.T.Khandari,Agra

Abstract

Our system maintains an AUTOMATIC COMMUNICATION as well as MANUAL COMMUNICATION mode among SOLDIER, COMMANDER and HEADQUARTER, completely controlled through LabVIEW. In the past warfare was fire power-centric. The side having good

firepower won the war. But warfare of future must be information centric, with the side that is better informed about the positions of friendly and enemy units wining the war. So the information of any type about the situation in war, about the map, and communication between the soldier and about the physiological status of soldier.

This will help us to strong our defence. And in this project we are mainly emphasize on the communication of the physiological information of soldier to the commander of that platoon (unit) and to the head quarter and to provide a good medical treatment to the soldier on time.

In this LabVIEW program there are also provisions to send “QUICK TEXT INSTRUCTIONS among SOLDIERS, COMMANDER and HEADQUARTER. And they can communicate with each other.

Following information about physiological condition of soldiers is continuously sent to commander and head quarter and monitored in the program made up in LabVIEW.

Heart beat

Blood Pressure

Body Temperature

Dehydration Label

Positioning of the soldier (By GPS and Pedometer System)

These information are automatically monitored in headquarter and commander’s LabVIEW program. If any data about these physiological condition goes to a critical value then regarding instructions to this problem will executed automatically by LabVIEW program application and a

message will sent to the commander and head-quarter.